[转帖]关于定语从句的翻译——我的一点心得

黄叶舞秋风

定语从句的翻译应视具体情况而定，一般来说，限制性定语从句由于对主句起着限制作用，并影响着主句的完整性，所以在翻译时只要读起来上口而又不引起误解，都可以前置。但在我们的实践中，汉语短句的使用比英语更普遍，所以常将限制性定语从句译成与主句并列的句子，而非限制性定语从句一般译为并列句或者独立句。<BR>  下面是几种常用的翻译手法：<BR><BR>1, 译成前置定语<BR>   He therefore resolved immediately to acquaint her with the fact which we have above slightly hinted.  <BR>因此，他马上决定把我们在上面隐约提到的那件事告诉她。<BR><BR>Those who sacrifice themselves for the people’s cause are the real heroes of history.<BR>   为了人民事业牺牲自己的人是历史上真正的英雄。<BR><BR>The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.<BR>   在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。<BR><BR>2，译成并列句<BR>He took the idea to Bill, who liked it and ordered a secret study, made to see if it could be done.  <BR>他把这个研究报告给比尔，比尔对此很感兴趣，命令进行秘密研究，看看是否可行。<BR>  <BR>He visited many places, in all of which he was received with the usual enthusiasm which attended his arduous labours.<BR>错  他访问了许多地方，到处受到对他的艰苦努力所一贯表示的热情欢迎。<BR>对   他访问了许多地方，到处受到热情的欢迎。他的艰苦努力是一贯受到热请欢迎的。<BR><BR>3，分述法  把主句和分句分成两个句子来翻译，这个就是分述法<BR>a, 将关系代词还原<BR>  He was first introduced to the student at the English corner on the campus by his friend Linlin who was already a postgraduate at the university.<BR>他是在校园的英语角由他的朋友林林首次介绍给学生的，林林当时已是该校的研究生了。<BR><BR>At dinner I found myself placed between Mrs.Bradley and a shy drab girl who seemed even younger than the others.   席间我发现我座位旁边分别是布的雷太太和以为腼腆而乏味的姑娘，这姑娘看上去比其他人都要年轻。<BR><BR>b, 简化而概括先行词<BR>   I received the impression of a brutal, clever, competent man who, in business matters, at all events, would be pitiless. <BR>我对这个人的印象是又残酷又精明能干。这种人在生意上无论如何都是毫不徇情的。<BR><BR>   Aunt Harriet lived in that leisurely age when servants were employed to do homework.<BR>哈里特姑妈生活在一个悠闲的时候，那时家务事都可以雇佣人来做的。<BR><BR>Isabel was a tall girl with the oval face, straight nose, fine eyes and full mouth that appeared to be characteristic of the family. 伊莎贝尔是个身材高挑，椭圆脸，直鼻梁，眉清目秀，嘴巴丰满的姑娘。这一切看来都是她家族的特征。<BR><BR>c,  主从糅合，重新组织。<BR>有时候定语从句在句子中的位置很难安排得当，可以考虑将主从关系糅合在一起，将原文重新组织。<BR>   This poem, which almost everybody knows is written by Tennyson. <BR>   特那森写的这首诗，几乎人尽皆知。<BR><BR>   In countries where people remain in one town or city for most of their lives, the social customsa are quite different.<BR>   有些国家的人民几乎终身未离开一个市镇，所以社会风俗颇为不同。<BR><BR>   I had a problem, which became clearly obvious just as I was to appear at the meeting.<BR>   我遇到一个问题，当我就要出席会议时，这个问题越发明显。<BR><BR>   Ond day I received a not from his asking me to lunch at claridege 1 receive when in London<BR>   有一天我收到他一封短柬，约我到克来利基吃饭，那是一家饭店，他到伦敦来就住在那里。

Максим

<P>good, i got it</P>